This German study looked at the effectiveness of intranasal fentanyl for the treatment of acute attacks of respiratory distress (AARD). 16 children (from 0.5 - 18.6 years) with various life-limiting conditions were included in the study and a total of 70 AARDs were analysed. The study concluded intranasal fentanyl may be a safe and effective treatment to use, however larger sample sizes and a control group is needed to validate the findings.
Pieper, L. 2018.. Article: Intranasal fentanyl for respiratory distress in children and adolescents with life-limiting conditions. BMC Palliative Care.
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